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A low-maintenance plastic energy chain was installed on a 550 metre long travel path on a conveyor system for transporting taconite in the North Shore Mine in Minnesota: This is one of the longest travel paths realised with a plastic energy chain worldwide. In addition to the roller track, the temperatures, which can drop below -30°C in winter, as well as ice and snow, also played a decisive role in the choice of cable routing.
At the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century, the available iron ore was of such high quality that taconite was considered an unprofitable waste product. After the Second World War, however, much of the high-quality ore had already been mined in the United States, so that taconite became economically viable as a new source of iron. To process taconite, the ore is ground into a fine powder and the iron is then separated from the rest of the rock using powerful magnets.
The powdered iron concentrate is then rolled together with bentonite and lime as a flux to form pellets about one centimetre in diameter, which consist of approximately 65% iron. The pellets are then heated to high temperatures for further processing in order to oxidise the magnetite (Fe3O4) to hematite (Fe2O3). The concentrated taconite is transported from the production facilities by rail to Silver Bay, Two Harbors and the twin ports of Duluth and Superior on Lake Superior and then shipped by bulk carriers to other locations along the Great Lakes. Many steel-producing operations are located near Lake Erie.
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